मंगलवार, 15 सितंबर 2026

Learn Hindi त Group (त वर्ग): त थ द ध न Pronunciation, Words & Practice

Learn the Hindi त Group (त वर्ग) 🇮🇳 | त थ द ध न Pronunciation, Words, Practice & Quiz
Module 3 — Hindi Consonants (व्यंजन / Vyanjan)
Lesson 10 — The त Group (त-वर्ग / Ta Varg)
Learn Hindi • Roman Hindi • English


Welcome to Your Fourth Hindi Consonant Family! 🎉

Congratulations!

Your Hindi consonant journey is becoming more exciting.

So far, you have learned three important sound families.

Lesson 7 — क Group

क ख ग घ ङ

Ka • Kha • Ga • Gha • Nga

Lesson 8 — च Group

च छ ज झ ञ

Cha • Chha • Ja • Jha • Nya

Lesson 9 — ट Group

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Ta • Tha • Da • Dha • Na

And now you are ready for:

त थ द ध न

Ta • Tha • Da • Dha • Na

This group is called:

त-वर्ग

Ta Varg
The Ta Group

But wait!

Didn't Lesson 9 also have:

Ta • Tha • Da • Dha • Na?

Yes! 😮

And that is exactly what makes Lesson 10 so important.

Hindi has two different T and D sound families.

Lesson 9

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Tongue Back 👅⬅️

Lesson 10

त थ द ध न

Tongue on the Teeth 🦷

This is one of the biggest pronunciation discoveries for global Hindi learners.

Let's learn how to hear, feel, and practice the difference! 🚀


What Is the त Group in Hindi?

The Hindi त Group contains five consonants:

Hindi LetterRoman HindiBasic Sound
TaDental T
ThaDental T + breath
DaDental D
DhaDental D + breath
NaDental N

Together:

त थ द ध न

These letters are traditionally called:

त-वर्ग — Ta Varg

The group is also known as a dental consonant group.

Why dental?

Because:

Dental = Teeth 🦷

The tongue moves forward and touches the back of the upper teeth.

This is different from the previous ट Group, where the tongue moves farther back toward the roof of the mouth.


The Biggest Secret of Lesson 10 🦷

Remember Lesson 9?

You learned:

ट ठ ड ढ ण

These are pronounced with the tongue farther back.

Now look at Lesson 10:

त थ द ध न

These sounds move forward.

For beginners, remember this simple rule:

ट Group = Tongue Back 👅⬅️

त Group = Tongue Forward to Teeth 🦷➡️

This simple comparison can help global learners understand one of the most important Hindi pronunciation differences.


The Tongue Position Experiment 👅🦷

Let's try something fun.

Step 1

Relax your tongue.

Step 2

Gently touch the back of your upper front teeth with the tip of your tongue.

Step 3

Say:

त — Ta

Try not to push your tongue too hard.

Keep the sound light and forward.

Now try:

द — Da

Feel the difference.

The tongue position is similar, but your voice changes.

This dental placement is a key feature of the त-वर्ग.


The Hidden Pattern of the त Group 🧠

Look carefully:

त → थ → द → ध → न

Once again, Hindi gives us a beautiful pattern.

PositionLetterEasy Understanding
1Normal sound
2Sound + breath
3Voiced sound
4Voice + breath
5Nasal sound

The pattern is:

Normal → Breath → Voice → Voice + Breath → Nasal

You have already seen this pattern in the previous groups.

क-वर्ग

क → ख → ग → घ → ङ

च-वर्ग

च → छ → ज → झ → ञ

ट-वर्ग

ट → ठ → ड → ढ → ण

And now:

त-वर्ग

त → थ → द → ध → न

Can you see what is happening?

Hindi consonants follow a highly organized pattern.

You are not memorizing random letters.

You are learning a sound system. 🧩


Letter 1: त — Ta

Hindi Letter

Roman Hindi

Ta

Pronunciation Tip

The sound is produced near the teeth.

For beginners:

Move your tongue forward.

Touch the back of your upper teeth.

Release the sound gently.

त = Dental Ta


Important Comparison 🚨

Don't confuse:

with:

They may both look like "Ta" in simple Roman Hindi.

But the tongue position is different.

Tongue Back 👅⬅️

Tongue at Teeth 🦷

This difference can affect pronunciation.

Hindi alphabet pronunciation


Example Words

तारा

Taara
⭐ Star

तरबूज

Tarbooj
🍉 Watermelon

ताला

Taala
🔒 Lock

तब

Tab
Then

तीन

Teen
3️⃣ Three


Pronunciation Practice

Say slowly:

त — Ta

Repeat:

Ta... Ta... Ta...

Now try:

  • तारा — Taara

  • ताला — Taala

  • तीन — Teen

  • तरबूज — Tarbooj

Remember:

Tongue Forward 🦷


Memory Trick ⭐

Think:

त = Taara ⭐

तारा = Star

Imagine a bright star shining in the sky.

Say:

त... त... तारा!

This gives you an easy visual connection.


Letter 2: थ — Tha

Hindi Letter

Roman Hindi

Tha

This sound is related to:

But it has one important difference.

थ = Dental Ta + Strong Breath 💨

Remember:

त = Normal dental sound

थ = Dental sound + extra air


Important Warning for English Speakers 🚨

The Hindi letter:

is not exactly the English "th" sound in words such as:

  • think

  • three

  • thank

Instead, think of it as:

त + Puff of Air 💨

The sound is produced near the teeth, but the extra breath is important.


The Hand Test ✋💨

Place your hand in front of your mouth.

Say:

त — Ta

Then:

थ — Tha

Which one produces more air?

Answer:

थ 💨

Try again:

Ta... Tha...

Ta... Tha...

Now faster:

Ta Tha Ta Tha

Can you feel the difference?


Example Words

थकना

Thakna
😓 To become tired

थैला

Thaila
👜 Bag

थाली

Thaali
🍽️ Plate

थोड़ा

Thoda
A little

थर्मस

Thermos
Thermos flask


Memory Trick 👜

Think:

थ = Thaila 👜

Imagine carrying a bag full of books.

Say:

थ... थ... थैला!

And remember:

थ = Extra Breath 💨


Letter 3: द — Da

Hindi Letter

Roman Hindi

Da

The sound is a dental D.

Move your tongue toward the back of your upper teeth.

Then add your voice.

Try placing your fingers gently on your throat.

Say:

Then:

You may feel more vibration when saying:


Example Words

दरवाज़ा

Darwaaza
🚪 Door

दिन

Din
☀️ Day

दाल

Daal
🥣 Lentils

दोस्त

Dost
🤝 Friend

दवा

Dawa
Medicine


Pronunciation Practice

Say:

द — Da

Repeat:

Da... Da... Da...

Now practice:

  • दिन — Din

  • दाल — Daal

  • दोस्त — Dost

  • दरवाज़ा — Darwaaza

Remember:

Tongue at Teeth + Voice 🎙️


Memory Trick 🚪

Think:

द = Darwaaza 🚪

दरवाज़ा = Door

Imagine opening a door.

Say:

द... द... दरवाज़ा!


Letter 4: ध — Dha

Hindi Letter

Roman Hindi

Dha

This letter is related to:

Just like:

त → थ

we also have:

द → ध

Look at the pattern:

NormalExtra Breath
TaTha
DaDha

So:

द = Dental Da

ध = Dental Da + Breath 💨


The Breath Challenge 💨

Put your hand near your mouth.

Say:

द — Da

Now:

ध — Dha

Try:

Da... Dha...

Again:

Da... Dha...

Now:

Da Dha Da Dha

Can you notice the stronger airflow?

That extra breath is an important part of:


Example Words

धन

Dhan
💰 Wealth

धन्यवाद

Dhanyavaad
🙏 Thank you

धरती

Dharti
🌍 Earth

धूप

Dhoop
☀️ Sunshine

धनुष

Dhanush
🏹 Bow


Memory Trick 🙏

Think:

ध = Dhanyavaad

धन्यवाद = Thank you

This is one of the most useful Hindi words for beginners.

Practice:

धन्यवाद

Dhanyavaad

Thank you 🙏


Letter 5: न — Na

Hindi Letter

Roman Hindi

Na

This is the nasal member of the त Group.

It is a very common Hindi consonant.

You will see:

in many everyday Hindi words.

Ta Tha Da Dha Na


Example Words

नमस्ते

Namaste
🙏 Hello

नमक

Namak
🧂 Salt

नया

Naya
New

नाम

Naam
Name

नदी

Nadi
🏞️ River


Pronunciation Tip

For:

the tongue moves toward the dental area.

Air passes through the nose.

That's why it is called a:

Nasal Sound 👃


Memory Trick 🙏

Think:

न = Namaste

नमस्ते = Hello

This is probably one of the most internationally recognized Hindi words.

Say:

न... न... नमस्ते!


The Complete त Group at a Glance

Your Visual Cheat Sheet

HindiRoman HindiMemory
TaTaara ⭐
ThaThaila 👜
DaDarwaaza 🚪
DhaDhanyavaad 🙏
NaNamaste 🙏

The Sound Pattern

त → थ

Normal → Breath

द → ध

Voice → Voice + Breath

Nasal Sound


Special Pronunciation Rule 🦷

त-वर्ग = Tongue at the Teeth

Remember:

Forward = त-वर्ग 🦷

This is the dental group.


The ट Group vs त Group Challenge 🔥

Now let's compare Lesson 9 and Lesson 10.

This is one of the most important exercises in your Hindi pronunciation journey.


Retroflex Group

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Tongue Back 👅⬅️


Dental Group

त थ द ध न

Tongue Forward 🦷➡️


Try This Slowly

Say:

ट — त

Can you feel the tongue move?

Again:

ट — त

Now:

ठ — थ

Then:

ड — द

Then:

ढ — ध

Finally:

ण — न

This is called a:

Hindi Sound Contrast Challenge 🎯

You do not need perfect pronunciation immediately.

Your first goal is:

Notice the difference.

Then:

Feel the difference.

Then:

Practice the difference.


The Forward Tongue Challenge 👅🦷

Try this step by step.

Step 1

Smile gently.

Step 2

Place the tip of your tongue against the back of your upper teeth.

Step 3

Say:

Step 4

Keep the tongue position.

Now say:

Step 5

Add more breath.

Say:

Then:

Congratulations!

You just completed a basic dental consonant exercise.


The त Group Pronunciation Lab 🧪

Welcome to your fourth pronunciation laboratory!

Today you will practice:

🦷 Tongue Position

💨 Air

🎙️ Voice

👃 Nasal Sound


Experiment 1: Teeth Test 🦷

Touch the back of your upper front teeth gently with your tongue.

Say:

Then:

Try to keep the tongue position similar.

The difference should be:

More Breath 💨


Experiment 2: Voice Test 🎙️

Place your fingers gently on your throat.

Say:

Then:

Which one creates more vibration?

Answer:

Now try:

Then:

Again, the voiced sound may create more vibration.


Experiment 3: Air Test 💨

Place your hand in front of your mouth.

Say:

Then:

Which one produces more air?

Answer:

Now:

Then:

Which one produces more air?

Answer:


Experiment 4: Nasal Test 👃

Say:

Try gently touching your nose.

You may feel vibration.

This helps remind you:

न = Nasal Sound

learn Hindi consonants for beginners

The Five-Sound Rhythm Challenge 🎵

Say the complete group slowly:

त थ द ध न

Roman Hindi:

Ta Tha Da Dha Na

Now clap with each sound.

👏 Ta
👏 Tha
👏 Da
👏 Dha
👏 Na


Round 1 — Slow

Ta...

Tha...

Da...

Dha...

Na...


Round 2 — Medium

Ta Tha Da Dha Na


Round 3 — Challenge Mode 🔥

Ta Tha Da Dha Na!

Focus on:

🦷 Tongue position
💨 Breath
🎙️ Voice
👃 Nasal sound


Learn Hindi Words from the त Group 🌍

Now let's build useful vocabulary.


त — Ta Words

HindiRoman HindiEnglish
ताराTaaraStar
तालाTaalaLock
तीनTeenThree
तरबूजTarboojWatermelon
तबTabThen

थ — Tha Words

HindiRoman HindiEnglish
थकनाThaknaTo become tired
थैलाThailaBag
थालीThaaliPlate
थोड़ाThodaA little
थर्मसThermosFlask

द — Da Words

HindiRoman HindiEnglish
दिनDinDay
दालDaalLentils
दोस्तDostFriend
दरवाज़ाDarwaazaDoor
दवाDawaMedicine

ध — Dha Words

HindiRoman HindiEnglish
धनDhanWealth
धन्यवादDhanyavaadThank you
धरतीDhartiEarth
धूपDhoopSunshine
धनुषDhanushBow

न — Na Words

HindiRoman HindiEnglish
नमस्तेNamasteHello
नामNaamName
नमकNamakSalt
नयाNayaNew
नदीNadiRiver

Mini Reading Practice 📖

Follow these four simple steps.

Step 1 — Look 👀

Look at the Hindi word.

Step 2 — Find the Letter 🔍

Identify the consonant.

Step 3 — Say It Slowly 🗣️

Focus on the tongue position.

Step 4 — Repeat 🔁

Try again without Roman Hindi.


Practice Set A

तारा

Taara
Star ⭐

थाली

Thaali
Plate 🍽️

दिन

Din
Day ☀️

धन्यवाद

Dhanyavaad
Thank you 🙏

नमस्ते

Namaste
Hello 🙏


Practice Set B

ताला

Taala
Lock 🔒

थैला

Thaila
Bag 👜

दोस्त

Dost
Friend 🤝

धरती

Dharti
Earth 🌍

नदी

Nadi
River 🏞️


Can You Spot the Sound? 👀

Look at the Roman Hindi word.

Can you identify the first Hindi letter?


1. Taara

Answer:


2. Thaila

Answer:


3. Dost

Answer:


4. Dhanyavaad

Answer:


5. Namaste

Answer:


The No-Confusion Rule 🚨

Lesson 10 has some important pronunciation traps.

Let's make them simple.


Pair 1: त vs थ

त = Normal dental sound

थ = Dental sound + breath 💨

Practice:

Ta — Tha


Pair 2: द vs ध

द = Normal dental sound

ध = Dental sound + breath 💨

Practice:

Da — Dha


Pair 3: त vs ट

This is the BIG challenge.

Tongue Forward 🦷

Tongue Back 👅⬅️

Practice slowly:

त — ट

त — ट

Don't rush.

Feel the movement.


Pair 4: द vs ड

Again:

Tongue at Teeth 🦷

Tongue Back 👅⬅️

Practice:

द — ड

द — ड

Hindi tongue position pronunciation

The Hindi Sound Map Challenge 🗺️

You have now learned two very important groups.

Group 3

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Retroflex

Tongue Back 👅⬅️


Group 4

त थ द ध न

Dental

Tongue at Teeth 🦷


Try to remember this map:

BACK → ट-वर्ग

TEETH → त-वर्ग

This simple memory rule can become extremely useful when you continue learning Hindi pronunciation.


The त Group Memory Story 📖✨

Let's create a story.

त — Ta ⭐

A star shines in the sky.

थ — Tha 👜

Someone carries a bag.

द — Da 🚪

They open a door.

ध — Dha 🙏

They say thank you.

न — Na 🙏

Then they say Namaste.

Now remember:

Star → Bag → Door → Thank You → Namaste

Connect it with:

त → थ → द → ध → न

This is not a grammar rule.

It is simply a fun memory technique to help you remember the letter order. 🧠


Write and Repeat Practice ✍️

Write each letter five times.

त त त त त

थ थ थ थ थ

द द द द द

ध ध ध ध ध

न न न न न

While writing, say the sound aloud.

This creates a strong learning connection:

See 👀 + Write ✍️ + Speak 🗣️ + Hear 👂


30-Second Daily Practice Routine ⏱️

You don't need hours of study.

Try this simple routine.


First 5 Seconds

Look at:

त थ द ध न


Next 5 Seconds

Say:

Ta Tha Da Dha Na


Next 10 Seconds

Practice:

Ta — Tha

Da — Dha


Final 10 Seconds

Read:

नमस्ते — Namaste

धन्यवाद — Dhanyavaad

That's it!

A short daily routine can help build stronger recognition and pronunciation habits.


Speed Recognition Challenge ⚡

Look at each letter.

Try to say the sound before reading the answer.


Ta


Dha


Tha


Da


Na

Now mix them:

ध त न थ द

Can you say all five?

Try again tomorrow.

Can you become faster without losing pronunciation accuracy? 🎯

how to pronounce Hindi dental consonants


Quick Quiz 🧠

Test your knowledge!


Question 1

Which letter makes the dental Ta sound?

A. ट
B. त
C. थ

Answer:

B — त


Question 2

Which letter has a stronger puff of air?

A. त
B. थ

Answer:

B — थ


Question 3

Which letter makes the dental Da sound?

A. द
B. ड
C. ध

Answer:

A — द


Question 4

Which letter is pronounced as Dha?

A. द
B. ध
C. ढ

Answer:

B — ध


Question 5

Which Hindi word means Hello?

A. धन्यवाद
B. नमस्ते
C. धरती

Answer:

B — नमस्ते


Bonus Challenge 🔥

Which group uses the tongue near the teeth?

A.

ट ठ ड ढ ण

B.

त थ द ध न

C.

प फ ब भ म

Answer:

B — त थ द ध न


Score Yourself 🎯

5/5 or 6/6 — Dental Sound Explorer! 🚀

Excellent!

You are starting to understand one of the most important pronunciation patterns in Hindi.


3–4 Correct — Great Progress! 🌟

Practice:

त / थ

and:

द / ध

Then compare:

त / ट

and:

द / ड


1–2 Correct — Keep Going! 💪

Don't worry.

The dental sounds can take time.

Repeat the pronunciation lab slowly.

Focus on tongue position first.

Speed can come later.


Common Beginner Mistakes 🚨

Mistake 1: Pronouncing त Exactly Like ट

Remember:

त = Teeth 🦷

ट = Tongue Back 👅⬅️

Practice:

त — ट

Slowly.


Mistake 2: Pronouncing थ Like English "TH"

The Hindi letter:

is not simply the English sound in:

“think” or “three.”

Remember:

थ = Dental Ta + Breath 💨


Mistake 3: Ignoring the Breath in ध

Remember:

द = Da

ध = Dha + Breath

Use your hand test.


Mistake 4: Pronouncing द Like ड

These letters belong to different sound families.

द = Dental

ड = Retroflex

Practice:

द — ड

Feel the tongue movement.


Mistake 5: Forgetting That न Is a Nasal

Remember:

न = Nasal Sound 👃

And it is one of the most common and useful Hindi consonants.

difference between ट and त in Hindi


The Big Pattern You Have Learned 🧩

Look at your progress!


Group 1 — क-वर्ग

क ख ग घ ङ

Ka Kha Ga Gha Nga


Group 2 — च-वर्ग

च छ ज झ ञ

Cha Chha Ja Jha Nya


Group 3 — ट-वर्ग

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Ta Tha Da Dha Na


Group 4 — त-वर्ग

त थ द ध न

Ta Tha Da Dha Na


The pronunciation locations are changing.

But the pattern continues:

PositionPattern
1Normal
2Breath
3Voice
4Voice + Breath
5Nasal

This means every new consonant group is helping you understand a bigger Hindi pronunciation system.

You are building your Hindi sound map step by step. 🗺️


Lesson 10 Challenge 🔥

Before finishing this lesson, try this challenge.

Without looking, write:

1. Ta

2. Tha

3. Da

4. Dha

5. Na

Now check:

त थ द ध न

How many did you remember?

Your Score:

___ / 5

Now try the bonus challenge.

Can you also remember:

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Which group is:

Tongue Back?

And which group is:

Tongue at Teeth?

If you can answer that, you're making excellent progress! 🎉


Printable त Group Cheat Sheet 

त-वर्ग — Ta Group

HindiRomanMemory
TaStar ⭐
ThaBag 👜
DaDoor 🚪
DhaThank You 🙏
NaNamaste 🙏

Remember the Pattern

त → थ

Normal → Breath

द → ध

Voice → Voice + Breath

Nasal

Hindi dental sounds

Special Pronunciation Rule

त-वर्ग = Tongue at the Teeth 🦷

Remember:

BACK = ट-वर्ग 👅⬅️

TEETH = त-वर्ग 🦷


Final Reading Challenge 🎵

Read the complete group three times.


Round 1 — With Roman Hindi

त थ द ध न

Ta Tha Da Dha Na


Round 2 — Hindi Only

त थ द ध न

Try reading without Roman Hindi.


Round 3 — Compare Challenge 🔥

Read:

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Then:

त थ द ध न

Can you feel the tongue position change?

Group 1

Tongue Back

Group 2

Tongue Forward

This is a major pronunciation achievement for Hindi learners! 🚀


Lesson 10 Summary

Today you learned:

✅ त — Ta
✅ थ — Tha
✅ द — Da
✅ ध — Dha
✅ न — Na

You also discovered:

  • 🦷 What dental pronunciation means

  • 👅 The difference between dental and retroflex sounds

  • 💨 How to feel aspirated sounds

  • 🎙️ How voice changes pronunciation

  • 👃 The nasal sound of न

  • 🔥 The difference between त and ट

  • 🔥 The difference between द and ड

  • 🧪 A pronunciation lab

  • 📖 Useful beginner vocabulary

  • 🎵 A rhythm challenge

  • 🧠 A memory story

  • 📝 A quick quiz

  • ⏱️ A 30-second daily practice routine


Your Hindi Progress 🌱

You have now completed four major consonant families.

Group 1

क ख ग घ ङ

Group 2

च छ ज झ ञ

Group 3

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Group 4

त थ द ध न

This is a major milestone.

You are starting to understand:

Where Hindi sounds are produced

How breath changes sounds

How voice changes sounds

How nasal sounds complete each group

Hindi is becoming more logical.

More organized.

And easier to understand.

One sound at a time. 🌍

Hindi dental consonants


Frequently Asked Questions About the Hindi त Group

1. What is the त Group in Hindi?

The त Group, also called:

त-वर्ग (Ta Varg)

contains five consonants:

त थ द ध न

They are commonly represented in beginner Roman Hindi as:

Ta, Tha, Da, Dha and Na.


2. Why is the त Group called a dental group?

The sounds are traditionally produced with the tongue touching or approaching the back of the upper teeth.

That is why they are called:

Dental Consonants 🦷


3. What is the difference between ट and त?

This is one of the most important pronunciation differences in Hindi.

Tongue farther back.

Tongue near the teeth.

Even though simple Roman Hindi may write both as "Ta," the Hindi letters represent different sound positions.


4. What is the difference between त and थ?

त = Normal dental sound

थ = Dental sound + stronger breath

Try the hand test to feel the difference.


5. Is थ pronounced like English "TH"?

Not exactly.

The Hindi sound थ is generally taught as an aspirated version of त.

The English “th” sounds in words such as “think” and “this” are different sounds, so beginners should focus on tongue position and breath rather than assuming they are identical.


6. What is the difference between द and ध?

द = Dental Da

ध = Dental Da + Breath

Practice:

Da — Dha


7. What sound does न make?

The letter:

is the nasal member of the त Group.

It is one of the most frequently used consonants in everyday Hindi.

त थ द ध न


Continue Your Hindi Learning Journey 🚀

Lesson 7

The क Group (क-वर्ग)

क ख ग घ ङ

Ka • Kha • Ga • Gha • Nga


Lesson 8

The च Group (च-वर्ग)

च छ ज झ ञ

Cha • Chha • Ja • Jha • Nya


Lesson 9

The ट Group (ट-वर्ग)

ट ठ ड ढ ण

Ta • Tha • Da • Dha • Na


Current Lesson

Lesson 10 — The त Group (त-वर्ग)

त थ द ध न

Ta • Tha • Da • Dha • Na


Next Lesson

Lesson 11 — The प Group (प-वर्ग)

प फ ब भ म

Pa • Pha • Ba • Bha • Ma

In the next lesson, something exciting will happen.

Your tongue will take a break. 😄

Because the next group is produced mainly using:

Your Lips 👄

Get ready for:

The प Group — Hindi Labial Sounds!

Hindi Ta Group

Final Motivation 🌟

You don't need to master Hindi pronunciation overnight.

Today you learned one important difference.

Tomorrow you will learn another.

Step by step:

See 👀

Listen 👂

Feel 👅

Speak 🗣️

Repeat 🔁

That is how confident pronunciation develops.

Remember:

Small sounds today become confident Hindi tomorrow.

Keep practicing.

Keep exploring.

And keep moving forward.

त थ द ध न

Ta • Tha • Da • Dha • Na

See you in the next Hindi consonant adventure! 🚀🇮🇳

Hindi pronunciation

Connect this article with:

Lesson 11 — The प Group
Hindi Matras Guide

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